Category: Analysis

ORIGIN AND GROWTH OF BANK NOTES AND CURRENCIES – 1 The birth and growth of Paper Currencies and Bank Notes stemmed from several facts spread across centuries. It will therefore be interesting to know how the Paper Currencies and...

Origin and growth of Bank Notes and Currencies – 2 (Written by N.R. Jayaraman) A Banknote or Currency called as paper money is a type of negotiable instrument or a promissory note and the amount indicated on it...

Origin and growth of Bank Notes and Currencies – 3 (Written by N.R. Jayaraman) Sweden reportedly initiated the first step in the issue of Paper Currencies to guarantee the payment for trade because European country...

Origin and growth of Bank Notes and Currencies – 4 (Written by N.R. Jayaraman)  Paper money traces its origins to the late 17th Century in India when the Paper Money was issued in limited scale by several private banks....

Origin and growth of Bank Notes and Currencies – 5 (Written by N.R. Jayaraman) As I mentioned earlier the unorganized issue of Paper Money against the Metallic Coins paved way for temptations for abuse were great and...

Origin and growth of Bank Notes and Currencies – 6 (Written by N.R. Jayaraman) The Paper Currency Act of 1861 conferred upon Government of India the monopoly of Paper Money issue bringing to an end the act of Paper...

Origin and growth of Bank Notes and Currencies – 7 (Written by N.R. Jayaraman) In the Currencies issued prior to 1871, with regard to the design elements, some of the Currencies carried the Portrait of Queen Victoria in...

Origin and growth of Bank Notes and Currencies – 8 (Written by N.R. Jayaraman) Similarly the French Government too has issued Paper currencies on par with Indian rupees. Some of the French currencies issued in India were...

Origin and growth of Bank Notes and Currencies – 9 (Written by N.R. Jayaraman) As I stated earlier  India  under British rule  also witnessed several of the Indian territories  ruled by Princes who...

Origin and growth of Bank Notes and Currencies – 10 (Written by N.R. Jayaraman) Another interesting aspect in respect of the Currencies issued were when Subhash Chandra Bose, who escaped from British custody for armed...

Origin and growth of Bank Notes and Currencies – 11 (Written by N.R. Jayaraman) Acknowledgement: The information in respect of the Indian Currencies in Gulf Countries given below have been compiled with major and main...

Origin and growth of Bank Notes and Currencies – 12 (Written by N.R. Jayaraman) As I mentioned in earlier parts the three Banks -Bank of Bengal, Bank of Madras and Bank of Bombay – were amalgamated and Imperial Bank...

 Circulation of Paper Money via-a-vise Quantum of Paper Money  printed and processed -Analysis- ( Written by : N. R. Jayaraman)   – 1- Between 1861 and 1935, the Government of India under...

Circulation of Paper Money via-a-vise Quantum of Paper Money  printed and processed -Analysis- ( Written by : N. R. Jayaraman)   -2-Now that the basis of issuance of Money is understood with the Illustrative...

Circulation of Paper Money via-a-vise Quantum of Paper Money  printed and processed-Analysis- ( Written by : N. R. Jayaraman)  – 3- Rs 50/-denomination In the graphs shown above** (1) show the total...

Circulation of Paper Money via-a-vise Quantum of Paper Money  printed and processed -Analysis-( Written by : N. R. Jayaraman) – 4 -One must understand that the Demand and Supply of Currency also depends on...

Circulation of Paper Money via-a-vise Quantum of Paper Money  printed and processed -Analysis-( Written by : N. R. Jayaraman) – 5 -The projection of demand for Bank Notes given by the Expert Committees...

Circulation of Paper Money via-a-vise Quantum of Paper Money  printed and processed-Analysis-( Written by : N. R. Jayaraman)   – 6 -Notes and Coins that are sent for circulation when deposited back in...

Circulation of Paper Money via-a-vise Quantum of Paper Money  printed and processed-Analysis-( Written by : N. R. Jayaraman)   – 7 -The Expert Committee under the Chairmanship of the Dy. Governor of RBI...

Circulation of Paper Money via-a-vise Quantum of Paper Money  printed and processed-Analysis-( Written by : N. R. Jayaraman)   – 8 -Another interesting finding by this author who whenever toured places,...

Circulation of Paper Money via-a-vise Quantum of Paper Money  printed and processed-Analysis-( Written by : N. R. Jayaraman)   – 9 -Finally let us study the Request pattern of RBI  for printing of...

Circulation of Paper Money via-a-vise Quantum of Paper Money  printed and processed-Analysis-( Written by : N. R. Jayaraman)   – 10 -Like the throne in flesh, the sorting out process of Soiled notes in...

Recent Developmentsin Printing –  Series- 6Few years back in a Conference held in Hong Kong, I had opportunity to witness a unique authenticating system for the paper through a technique called fibre identification...

: SQRC Code : The  most  secured latest  technology  marker ( Written by  : N.R. Jayaraman ) Recently I came across one of the latest technology in the security marking on print medium. The SQRC is...

From hand composing to Photo composing(Written by: N.R. Jayaraman) It will be interesting to read the origin of typesetting which has now culminated into Photo composing and Digital printing. Around 600 to 700 years back...

Communication to Postal service to Postal Stamps and Postal Stationery(Written by: N.R. Jayaraman)   1) At the outset let us understand how the oral and other means of communication led to the birth of the Postal...

Counterfeit Currency Reports and Financial Intelligence Unit(Written by N.R. Jayaraman) There is growing concern on the issue of fake money in circulation not only in India, but also around the world. In spite of...

Chronicle of  Money in India ….Barter, Metallic coins, Leather currencies to Paper currencies….(Extract from the lecture given by : N.R. Jayaraman)1) Money medium of payment consists of coins, paper money...

New Security features on Rs 500/- den notesHow many of you have noticed two new features on Rs 500/- deno notes? ·         The Red colour circles have Intaglio marks for blind...

[This four part article on ‘Print Industry’ analyzes how the growth of several industries like Pharmaceutical, Label printing, Food products, Consumer products, Book publications, Periodicals, News Paper and...

[This is the second of the four part article on ‘Print Industry’ which analyzes how the growth of several industries like Pharmaceutical, Label printing, Food products, Consumer products, Book publications,...

[This is third of the four part article on ‘Print Industry’ which analyzes how the growth of several industries like Pharmaceutical, Label printing, Food products, Consumer products, Book publications, Periodicals,...

Label Printing industry  The next major sector that contributes to the growth of the print industry is the Label printing. The label printing industry is one of the fastest growing one in India and  is reportedly...

Written by: N.R. Jayaraman   Decades back, few of the most high profile printing units in Asia engaged in the art of printing high value security documents faced a unique problem of lint /fluff problem over the printed sheets...

India’s Burma Currency NotesWritten by: N.R. Jayaraman : Pre Script : Recently I was approached by a Bank Official, Mr. Taut kwat of Myanmar seeking certain clarification on India’s Currencies used in Burma. He wrote:Quote:...